Extraction And Purification Of Bioflocculant From Consortium And Single Cultures Of Pseudomonas otitidis MTK01 AND Aeromonas caviea MTK0 for commercial application.
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Colonial and Morphological Features of Bacterial Isolates
Bioflocullant-producing bacterial isolate (P. otitidis MTK01 and A. caviea MTK02) were subcultured (Plate 3.1 and 3.2) from the stock culture and they had the following colonial and morphological features stated in Table 3.1.
3.2 Flocculating Activity of bioflocculants
When tested with Kaolin clay suspension, P. otitidis MTK01 and A. caviea MTK02 showed flocculating activities within 92.00 to 23.67% and 82.65 to -14.5% respectively in glucose and sucrose carbon sources.
3.3 Extraction and Purification of Bioflocullant.
The process of extraction gave a result of white pellets which settled at the bottom of the Conical flask after 24hrs at 4oC (Plate 3.3). Then after the purification process of the recovered bioflocculant pellets was done a separation occurred (Plate 3.4). The upper part is the purified bioflocculant
Table 3.1:Â Colonial and Morphological features of Bacterial Isolate.
| Isolates | Colony Edge | Colony Shape | Elevation | Optical Characteristics | Colony Surface | Pigmentation |
| Pseudomonas otitidis
MTK 01 |
Entire | Circular | Flat | Translucent | Rough | Cream |
| Aeromonas caviea
MTK 02 |
Entire | Circular | Raised | Translucent | Smooth | Yellow |
 3.4 Bioflocculant yield
100 ml of Bioflocculant rich culture produced the following grams of powdered purified bioflocculant for each of the bacterial isolate; 0.01g for Pseudomonas otitidis MTK01, 0.01g for Aeromonas caviea MTK02 and 0.02g for the mixture of both bacterial isolates. The picture of the powedered bioflocculant is shown respectively in (plate 3.5, 3.6, 3.7).
Determination of the effectiveness of the purified bioflocculant  in well water using optical density
The dried purified bioflocculant was tested for its flocculating activity using a turbid well water with an average optical density of 0.7452. The following are the values for the optical density of each of the samples.
Well water containing powdered bioflocculant produced from Pseudomonas otitidis MTK01 = 0.1610, 0.1621
Well water containing powdered bioflocculant produced from Aeromonas caviea MTK02 = 0.1726, 0.1722
Well water containing powdered bioflocculant produced from the consortium = 0.1624, 0.1622
Table 3.4:  Determination of the effectiveness of the purified bioflocculant in well  waterthrough optical density.
| Sample | Optical density
(First measurement and Second measurement) |
Average optical density |
| Well water | 0.7461
0.7442 |
0.7452 |
| MTK01 | 0.1610
0.1621 |
0.1616 |
| MTK02 | 0.1726
0.1722 |
0.1724 |
| MTK01 and MTK02
( Consortium) |
0.1624
0.1622 |
0.1623
|
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Discussion
Water pollution has been a recurrent problem, particularly in developing countries, and the use of common chemical flocculants for purification comes with some health hazards. Recently, the harmful effects of these chemical flocculants have become a major public health concern, hence, it becomes pertinent to explore the availability of novel, cost effective bioflocculants from renewable sources required to address the challenges facing wastewater treatment.
The findings of this study observed an overall positive extraction of bioflocculants from previously established bioflocculant-producing organisms, Pseudomonas otitidis MTK01 and Aeromonas caviea MTK02, which had been demonstrated to show flocculating activity within 92.00 to 23.67%. and 82.65 to -14.5% resepctively (Kolawole and Adegoke 2020).
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Various palatable culture conditions where set it place for the effective production of the bioflocculant and flocculating activity which are; pH of the production medium, temperature and agitation, use of effective metal ions, use of effective carbon source and the innoculum size.
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