JSS 2 Revision and Examination for Basic Technology Second Term

Basic Technology is an important subject that introduces students to the practical application of science and technology in everyday life. In the second term of JSS 2 , students are expected to understand various concepts related to technology, from geometric construction to the study of tools, machines, and processes. This comprehensive revision guide will cover each of the topics in simple language to ensure that all students, even those with no prior knowledge of the subject, can follow along easily. Additionally, we’ll include questions to help students test their understanding of the material.

1. Revision of Last Term’s Work

Before diving into new concepts for the second term, it is essential to review the key topics covered in the previous term. This revision will help reinforce foundational knowledge and prepare you for more advanced topics.

Key Concepts from Last Term:

• Introduction to Basic Technology (definition, scope, and importance).
• Simple machines (levers, pulleys, inclined planes, etc.).
• Measurements and tools used in technology.
• Basic understanding of energy and motion.

Sample Questions:

1. What is Basic Technology, and why is it important in everyday life?
2. Name three types of simple machines and give an example of each.
3. What tools are used for measuring length and width?
4. How does a pulley make work easier?
5. Explain the concept of energy in Basic Technology.
6. What is a lever, and how does it work?
7. How does an inclined plane reduce effort?
8. What is the difference between potential and kinetic energy?
9. What is a compound machine, and give an example?
10. How can we calculate the mechanical advantage of a machine?

2. Geometric Construction (Week 2)

In Week 2, we begin to explore geometric construction, which is an essential aspect of Basic Technology. Geometric construction involves creating shapes, angles, and other figures using basic tools such as a compass, ruler, and protractor. It is vital for understanding the design and creation of technological objects.

Key Concepts:

• Use of a compass and ruler for basic constructions.
• Drawing accurate geometric shapes like circles, squares, and triangles.
• Constructing angles and perpendicular bisectors.

Sample Questions:

1. How do you construct a perpendicular bisector of a line segment?
2. What is the purpose of a compass in geometric construction?
3. How do you construct a triangle using a ruler and compass?
4. What are the steps to draw a 90-degree angle using a protractor?
5. How do you bisect a given angle using a compass and ruler?
6. What is an equilateral triangle, and how do you construct one?
7. How can you draw a line parallel to another line using only a compass and ruler?
8. Describe the construction of a circle with a given radius.
9. What are the properties of a right-angled triangle?
10. How do you divide a given line segment into two equal parts?

3. Geometric Construction (Week 3)

In Week 3, we continue to focus on geometric construction but take it further by applying what we’ve learned to create more complex shapes and geometric designs. Mastering geometric construction is essential for various technological designs and applications.

Key Concepts:

• Constructing more complex geometric shapes (hexagons, pentagons).
• Dividing angles and line segments into specific ratios.
• Using geometric construction for technological applications like bridges and buildings.

Sample Questions:

1. How do you construct a regular hexagon inside a circle?
2. What is the method to divide an angle into three equal parts?
3. How do you construct a regular pentagon using a compass and ruler?
4. How can you draw a square with a given diagonal length?
5. Explain the process of constructing an octagon inside a circle.
6. How do you construct a rhombus using only a ruler and compass?
7. How do you draw the bisector of a 60-degree angle?
8. What is the purpose of using geometric construction in the design of buildings and bridges?
9. How can you use geometric construction to design a clock face?
10. How do you draw the perpendicular bisector of a given line segment?

4. Plane Figures

Plane figures are two-dimensional shapes that are flat and exist in a single plane. Understanding the properties of these shapes is fundamental in the study of technology, as they form the basis for creating objects and structures.

Key Concepts:

• Types of plane figures: circles, squares, rectangles, triangles, and polygons.
• Area and perimeter calculations for different plane figures.
• Properties of various shapes (e.g., angles, sides, symmetry).

Sample Questions:

1. What is the formula to calculate the area of a rectangle?
2. How do you find the perimeter of a square?
3. What is the sum of the interior angles in a triangle?
4. What is the area of a circle with a radius of 7 cm?
5. How many sides does a regular hexagon have?
6. What is the formula for the area of a parallelogram?
7. How do you calculate the perimeter of a triangle with sides of 3 cm, 4 cm, and 5 cm?
8. What is the sum of the exterior angles of any polygon?
9. How do you calculate the area of a trapezoid?
10. What is the difference between a rhombus and a rectangle?

5. Plane Figures (Continued)

This section expands further on plane figures by diving deeper into their properties and how they can be used in design and technology. Understanding the characteristics of plane figures helps in creating precise measurements for constructing real-world objects.

Key Concepts:

• Properties of different types of polygons (triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons).
• Symmetry in plane figures.
• Using plane figures in construction and design.

Sample Questions:

1. What is the difference between a regular and irregular polygon?
2. How do you calculate the area of a rhombus?
3. What are the properties of an equilateral triangle?
4. How many diagonals does a pentagon have?
5. How can symmetry be used in the design of a technological product?
6. What is the perimeter of a hexagon with each side measuring 4 cm?
7. How do you calculate the area of a square if you know its side length?
8. What are the properties of a circle?
9. How do you use plane figures to design a floor plan for a house?
10. What is the relationship between the radius and diameter of a circle?

6. Tools, Machines, and Processes

In Basic Technology, tools, machines, and processes are essential for creating products and structures. This topic introduces students to various tools and machines used in different industries and how mathematics and technology are applied to optimize their use.

Key Concepts:

• Basic tools used for construction and measurement (rulers, hammers, saws).
• Simple and compound machines (levers, pulleys, gears).
• Processes involved in manufacturing and construction (cutting, welding, assembling).

Sample Questions:

1. What is the function of a hammer in construction?
2. How does a lever work to lift heavy objects?
3. What is a pulley, and how is it used in construction?
4. How do gears help in the movement of machines?
5. What is the purpose of a saw in cutting materials?
6. How does a screw jack work as a simple machine?
7. What is the importance of measurement in building construction?
8. How are pulleys used to make work easier in large-scale construction?
9. What is the role of machines in manufacturing processes?
10. How do tools help in the precision of building and designing objects?

7. Tools, Machines, and Processes (Continued)

In this section, we further explore the use of tools, machines, and processes, focusing on more advanced topics related to construction, manufacturing, and design.

Key Concepts:

• Understanding tools and machines used in more complex tasks.
• Advanced manufacturing processes (casting, molding, 3D printing).
• The role of automation in modern technology.

Sample Questions:

1. How does 3D printing revolutionize product design?
2. What is the role of a welding machine in construction?
3. How are advanced tools used to create precise components in engineering?
4. How does automation improve efficiency in factories?
5. What are the differences between manual and automated processes?
6. What is the role of a lathe in manufacturing?
7. How do machines like cranes and bulldozers assist in construction?
8. What is the purpose of a CNC machine in production?
9. How are technological advancements affecting the use of tools in manufacturing?
10. What are the steps involved in casting a metal object?