Download the 2025/2026 JAMB Syllabus for Biology in PDF Format

JAMB Syllabus for Biology 2025/2026 PDF Download

Biology is one of the most popular subjects among JAMB candidates who wish to study courses related to medicine, agriculture, biotechnology, and other life sciences. If you are one of them, you need to prepare well for the JAMB Biology exam by studying the topics and objectives outlined in the JAMB Biology syllabus.

The JAMB Biology syllabus is an official document that contains the scope and content of the JAMB Biology exam. It also provides a list of recommended textbooks and general instructions for candidates. The syllabus is designed to help candidates achieve the following objectives:

Demonstrate sufficient knowledge of the concepts of diversity, interdependence, and unity of life.
Account for the continuity of life through reproduction, inheritance, and evolution.
Apply biological principles and concepts to everyday life, especially matters affecting living things, individual and societal well-being.
Evaluate the effects of human activities and technological advancements on the environment and living organisms.

The syllabus covers 30 topics divided into four sections:

A. Living Cells and Organization
B. Continuity of Life
C. Concept of Living Things
D. Ecology and Environment

Each topic has a list of specific objectives that candidates are expected to achieve after studying it.

Table of Contents:

Section A: Variety of Organisms
- Living organisms; Evolution among the following: Structural/functional and behavioral adaptations of organisms.
Section B: Form and Functions
- Internal structure of plants and animals, Nutrition, Transport, Respiration, Excretion, Support and movement, Reproduction, Growth, Coordination, and control.
Section C: Ecology
- Factors affecting the distribution of organisms, Symbiotic interactions of plants and animals, Natural habitats, Local (Nigerian) biomes, The ecology of populations, Soil, Humans, and the environment.
Section D: Heredity and Variations
- Variation in population, Heredity.
Section E: Evolution
- Theories of evolution, Evidence of evolution.

General Objectives of the JAMB Biology Syllabus 2025

The aim of the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) syllabus in Biology is to prepare candidates for the Board’s examination. It is designed to test their achievement of the course objectives, which are to:

Demonstrate sufficient knowledge of the concepts of diversity, interdependence, and unity of life.
Account for the continuity of life through reorganization, inheritance, and evolution.
Apply biological principles and concepts to everyday life, especially to matters affecting living things, individual, society, the environment, community health, and the economy.

Detailed Syllabus:

A: Variety of Organisms

Living organisms:
- Characteristics
- Cell structure and functions of cell components
- Levels of organization:
  - Cell (e.g., Euglena, Paramecium)
  - Tissue (e.g., epithelial tissues, Hydra)
  - Organ (e.g., onion bulb)
  - Systems (e.g., reproductive, digestive, and excretory)
  - Organisms (e.g., Chlamydomonas)
Candidates should be able to:
- Differentiate between the characteristics of living and non-living things.
- Identify the structures of plant and animal cells.
- Analyze the functions of the components of plant and animal cells.
- Compare and contrast the structure of plant and animal cells.
- Trace the levels of organization among organisms in their logical sequence.
Evolution among the following:
- Monera (prokaryotes) (e.g., bacteria, blue-green algae)
- Protista (protozoans, protophyta) (e.g., Amoeba, Euglena, Paramecium)
- Fungi (e.g., mushrooms, Rhizopus)
- Plantae (e.g., Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta)
- Animalia (e.g., Invertebrates, Vertebrates)
Candidates should be able to:
- Analyze external features and characteristics of the listed organisms.
- Apply the knowledge to demonstrate an increase in structural complexity.
- Trace the stages in the life histories of the listed organisms.
- Apply the knowledge of life histories to demonstrate gradual transition from life in water to life on land.
- Trace the evolution of the listed plants. Read More