This educational guide is crafted to help students and educators navigate the second term of JSS 1 mathematics. It covers essential topics in a simple and detailed manner, with clear examples to demonstrate each concept.
Second Term Scheme of Work for JSS 1
| Week(s) | Topic(s) | Content |
|---|---|---|
| Week 1 | Revision | Review previous concepts and solidify foundational knowledge. |
| Week 2 | Estimation | Learn how to estimate numbers and apply rounding techniques. |
| Week 3 | Approximation | Understand different methods of approximation, including rounding off. |
| Week 4 | Approximation (continued) | Explore more complex forms of approximation with practical applications. |
| Week 5 | Addition and Subtraction of Numbers in Base 2 Numerals | Learn about binary numbers and how to add and subtract in base 2. |
| Week 6 | Multiplication of Numbers in Base 2 Numerals | Introduction to binary multiplication and how to perform it. |
| Week 7 | Use of Symbols | Explore mathematical symbols and their meanings in equations. |
| Week 8 | Simplification of Algebraic Expressions | Understand how to simplify complex algebraic expressions. |
| Week 9 | Simple Equations | Learn how to solve simple algebraic equations. |
| Week 10 | Revision | Review all topics covered during the second term to reinforce understanding. |
| Week 11 | Exam | Assess knowledge and understanding through a final exam. |
In-Depth Explanation of Each Topic with Examples
Week 1: Revision
Before diving into new topics, it’s important to revisit the concepts learned in the previous term. This solidifies understanding and prepares students for new challenges.
Examples:
- Review the addition of two-digit numbers: 23 + 45 = 68.
- Practice subtraction: 84 – 56 = 28.
- Multiply numbers: 6 × 7 = 42.
- Practice division: 56 ÷ 8 = 7.
- Simplify expressions: 5 + (3 + 2) = 5 + 5 = 10.
- Solve basic equations: x + 6 = 12; x = 12 – 6 = 6.
Week 2: Estimation
Estimation is the process of approximating a value that’s close to the exact number but easier to calculate.
Examples:
- Estimate 347 to the nearest hundred: 347 ≈ 300.
- Estimate 438 to the nearest ten: 438 ≈ 440.
- Estimate 1,862 to the nearest thousand: 1,862 ≈ 2,000.
- Estimate the sum of 548 and 637 to the nearest hundred: 548 + 637 ≈ 500 + 600 = 1,100.
- Estimate the difference between 2,976 and 1,682 to the nearest hundred: 2,976 – 1,682 ≈ 3,000 – 1,700 = 1,300.
- Estimate 743 ÷ 4: Round 743 to 740, then 740 ÷ 4 ≈ 185.
Week 3: Approximation
Approximation involves rounding numbers to a specific place value, usually to simplify calculations.
Examples:
- Round 123.46 to the nearest whole number: 123.46 ≈ 123.
- Round 0.879 to the nearest hundredth: 0.879 ≈ 0.88.
- Round 91.57 to the nearest ten: 91.57 ≈ 90.
- Approximate the sum of 543.89 + 238.15 to the nearest tenth: 543.89 + 238.15 ≈ 544 + 238 = 782.
- Approximate 5.987 to the nearest hundredth: 5.987 ≈ 5.99.
- Round 9,871.99 to the nearest thousand: 9,871.99 ≈ 10,000.
Week 4: Approximation (continued)
Continue applying approximation with more complex examples and practical scenarios.
Examples:
- Round 8.457 to the nearest tenth: 8.457 ≈ 8.5.
- Round 67,845 to the nearest hundred: 67,845 ≈ 67,800.
- Approximate the product of 62.4 × 3.7: 62.4 × 3.7 ≈ 60 × 4 = 240.
- Approximate the sum of 672.88 + 238.94: 672.88 + 238.94 ≈ 670 + 240 = 910.
- Round 9,456 to the nearest ten: 9,456 ≈ 9,460.
- Round 13.66 to the nearest whole number: 13.66 ≈ 14.
Week 5: Addition and Subtraction of Numbers in Base 2 Numerals
Binary numbers are used in computer systems. In this week, students will learn to add and subtract binary numbers.
Examples:
- Add binary numbers: 101 + 110 = 1011 (5 + 6 = 11).
- Subtract binary numbers: 1010 – 110 = 100 (10 – 6 = 4).
- Convert binary 1101 to decimal: 1101₂ = 1×8 + 1×4 + 0×2 + 1×1 = 13.
- Convert binary 1010 to decimal: 1010₂ = 1×8 + 0×4 + 1×2 + 0×1 = 10.
- Add binary numbers: 111 + 101 = 1100 (7 + 5 = 12).
- Subtract binary numbers: 10011 – 1011 = 1110 (19 – 11 = 8).
Week 6: Multiplication of Numbers in Base 2 Numerals
Multiplying binary numbers is fundamental to understanding how computers work.
Examples:
- Multiply binary numbers: 101 × 11 = 1111 (5 × 3 = 15).
- Multiply binary numbers: 110 × 10 = 1100 (6 × 2 = 12).
- Multiply binary numbers: 1010 × 100 = 101000 (10 × 4 = 40).
- Multiply binary numbers: 111 × 101 = 11111 (7 × 5 = 35).
- Multiply binary numbers: 1101 × 101 = 111101 (13 × 5 = 65).
- Multiply binary numbers: 1000 × 11 = 11000 (8 × 3 = 24).
Week 7: Use of Symbols
Mathematical symbols are used to represent operations and relationships between numbers and variables.
Examples:
- Use of “+” (addition): 5 + 3 = 8.
- Use of “-” (subtraction): 8 – 3 = 5.
- Use of “=” (equals): 2 + 2 = 4.
- Use of “×” (multiplication): 6 × 4 = 24.
- Use of “÷” (division): 20 ÷ 5 = 4.
- Use of parentheses: (3 + 2) × 4 = 20.
Week 8: Simplification of Algebraic Expressions
Simplifying algebraic expressions helps solve equations more easily.
Examples:
- Simplify 2x + 3x: 2x + 3x = 5x.
- Simplify 5 + 3 + 2: 5 + 3 + 2 = 10.
- Simplify 4a – 2a: 4a – 2a = 2a.
- Simplify 7x + 3y – 2x: 7x + 3y – 2x = 5x + 3y.
- Simplify 3(x + 4): 3(x + 4) = 3x + 12.
- Simplify 6a – 2a + 5b: 6a – 2a + 5b = 4a + 5b.
Week 9: Simple Equations
Solving simple equations is crucial for progressing in algebra.
Examples:
- Solve x + 5 = 12: x = 12 – 5 = 7.
- Solve 2x = 10: x = 10 ÷ 2 = 5.
- Solve 3x – 4 = 11: 3x = 11 + 4 = 15, x = 15 ÷ 3 = 5.
- Solve x/4 = 2: x = 2 × 4 = 8.
- Solve 2x + 3 = 9: 2x = 9 – 3 = 6, x = 6 ÷ 2 = 3.
- Solve 5x – 2 = 18: 5x = 18 + 2 = 20, x = 20 ÷ 5 = 4.
Week 10: Revision
This week serves as a review to reinforce all concepts learned in the term.
Examples:
- Practice addition and subtraction of large numbers.
- Review multiplication and division of binary numbers.
- Simplify algebraic expressions and solve equations.
- Estimate and approximate numbers in various scenarios.
- Review solving for variables in simple equations.
- Practice applying symbols in equations.
Week 11: Exam
The final week is dedicated to assessing the students’ understanding through an exam that covers all topics.
