The Government scheme of work for Senior Secondary School (SSS) 3 during the second term is pivotal in preparing students for advanced understanding of international organizations, governance, and developmental policies. Below is the detailed explanation of the scheme, arranged by weeks and topics, with clear and practical examples for better comprehension.
Scheme of Work for Second Term
| Week(s) | Topic(s) | Content |
|---|---|---|
| 1-2 | Resumption Test/International Organization: ECOWAS | Formation of ECOWAS, aims and objectives, organs, achievements, problems. |
| 3-4 | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) | Formation of OPEC, aims and objectives, organs, achievements, problems. |
| 5 | Millennium Development Goals (MDG), NEPAD | Meaning of MDG, achievements by 2015, meaning of NEPAD, aims of NEPAD. |
| 6 | E-Government, Leadership, and Fellowship | Meaning and examples of E-government, advantages and disadvantages, meaning of leadership and fellowship, qualities of a good leader, their roles in politics and government. |
| 7-9 | Revision | Comprehensive revision of all topics covered during the term. |
| 10 | Examination | Evaluation of students’ understanding of all topics covered. |
Detailed Explanation of Topics
Weeks 1-2: International Organization – Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
Formation of ECOWAS: ECOWAS was established in 1975 through the Treaty of Lagos. It comprises 15 member states in West Africa with the aim of fostering economic integration and cooperation.
Aims and Objectives of ECOWAS:
- Promote economic development in member states.
- Foster trade and investment among members.
- Ensure political stability and security in the region.
- Enhance cooperation in education, health, and culture.
Organs of ECOWAS:
- Authority of Heads of State and Government: The highest decision-making body.
- Council of Ministers: Implements decisions of the authority.
- Community Parliament: Advises on policy formulation.
- Community Court of Justice: Ensures legal compliance.
- ECOWAS Commission: Oversees day-to-day administration.
Achievements of ECOWAS:
- Facilitated free movement of people and goods.
- Established ECOWAS Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) for peacekeeping.
- Promoted regional infrastructure projects.
Problems of ECOWAS:
- Inconsistent political will among members.
- Financial constraints.
- Lingering regional conflicts and instability.
Examples:
- Nigeria and Ghana’s joint trade agreements.
- Free travel among ECOWAS states using the ECOWAS passport.
- Peacekeeping missions in Liberia and Sierra Leone.
- Regional highway projects connecting member states.
- Educational exchanges within the region.
- Harmonization of tariffs to boost trade.
Weeks 3-4: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
Formation of OPEC: OPEC was formed in 1960 by five founding members: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela, to regulate the supply and price of oil globally.
Aims and Objectives of OPEC:
- Stabilize oil prices in international markets.
- Coordinate petroleum policies among member countries.
- Safeguard the interests of oil-exporting countries.
Organs of OPEC:
- Conference: Supreme authority of OPEC.
- Board of Governors: Supervises the Secretariat.
- OPEC Secretariat: Implements decisions and manages operations.
Achievements of OPEC:
- Ensured steady revenue for member countries.
- Influenced global oil prices.
- Encouraged technological development in oil extraction.
Problems of OPEC:
- Fluctuations in global oil demand.
- Internal disagreements among members.
- Competition from non-OPEC oil producers.
Examples:
- Saudi Arabia’s role as a leading producer.
- OPEC’s price stabilization during global crises.
- Coordinated oil production cuts in 2020.
- Nigeria’s economic reliance on oil exports.
- Venezuela’s oil production challenges.
- Qatar’s withdrawal from OPEC in 2019.
Week 5: Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and New Economic Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD)
Meaning of MDG: The MDGs were global targets set by the UN in 2000 to address critical development challenges by 2015.
Achievements by 2015:
- Reduced extreme poverty by half.
- Increased primary school enrollment rates.
- Significant progress in combating diseases like HIV/AIDS.
Meaning of NEPAD: NEPAD is an African initiative launched in 2001 to promote sustainable economic growth and development.
Aims of NEPAD:
- Eradicate poverty in Africa.
- Promote sustainable development.
- Enhance regional integration.
Examples:
- Increased access to primary education.
- NEPAD’s role in boosting infrastructure.
- Reduction in child mortality rates.
- Efforts to reduce HIV/AIDS prevalence.
- African peer-review mechanisms under NEPAD.
- Improved trade policies across African nations.
Week 6: E-Government, Leadership, and Fellowship
Meaning of E-Government: E-government refers to the use of digital tools to provide government services and enhance transparency.
Examples of E-Government:
- Online tax filing systems.
- E-passport services.
- Digital voting platforms.
- National identification systems.
- E-policing for public safety.
- Government websites for information dissemination.
Advantages of E-Government:
- Reduces bureaucracy.
- Enhances transparency.
- Saves time and costs.
Disadvantages of E-Government:
- Requires high digital literacy.
- Vulnerable to cyberattacks.
- Limited access in rural areas.
Leadership and Fellowship: Leadership involves guiding and influencing others, while fellowship emphasizes support and teamwork.
Qualities of a Good Leader:
- Integrity.
- Vision.
- Empathy.
- Decisiveness.
Roles in Politics and Government:
- Leaders set policies and provide direction.
- Fellows support implementation and ensure accountability.
Examples:
- Digital reforms in Lagos State governance.
- Online tax payment in Abuja.
- Leaders like Nelson Mandela showcasing integrity.
- Community fellowship in rural projects.
- Digital transformation through NIMC in Nigeria.
- Successful political campaigns through leadership.